Elections and governance in nigerias fourth republic is a book about nigerian politics, governance and democracy. We can chart our future clearly and wisely only when we know the path which has. History of general elections in nigeria from 1999 till. Chapter 1 representative democracy in nigeria introduction democracy is the form of government, in which the people of a country, state or local government area decide how they want to be governed. The first set of political parties to be formed in nigeria was formed. The origin of electoral bodies in nigeria can be traced to the period before independence when the electoral commission of nigeria ecn was established to conduct 1959 elections. However, the history of elections in nigeria has been characterized by threats to statehood based on the manipulation of ethnicity as divisive mechanism for the. Consists of the nigerian armed forces, navy, and air force. Numerous ancient african civilizations settled in the region that is today nigeria, such as the kingdom of nri, the benin empire, and the oyo empire.
In view of this, the thrust of this paper is a reflection on the tides of electoral violence and the attendant precipitating factors that make free and fair election pretty difficult in nigeria. Nigeria is a country with device ethnic group and corrugated different political motive ranging from the individual perspective to the political parties. Kindly drop your comment here in case of any heads up, questions or contributions. The states current governor is rauf aregbesola, who was declared as the winner of 2007 election by appeal court in ibadan on 26 november 2010. In september, the first election took place in lagos and calabar. Please remember, nigeria is a nation that fought a civil war sixseven years after independence and survived. Nigeria is a famous country with more than one hundred and forty million population. Since nigeria adopted the presidential system of government in 1979, the order in which elections are held into the various elective bodies has been of curious interest. Pdf the 2019 presidential election is one of the most keenly and closely contested in the history of nigerian presidential elections since the. The 2015 nigerian general elections 83 the electoral process will reassure losers of the possibility of victory in future elections, and in this way, will transform politics into a game. In view of this, the thrust of this paper is a reflection on the tides of electoral violence and the attendant precipitating factors. Nigerias history of electoral violence is, for many, an unfortunately accepted fact of life. Anyone may voluntarily participate above the age of 18.
Journal of nigeria studies volume 1, number 1, fall 2010. The company, with the availability of sufficient funds, was able to purchase a. Most stakeholders of the democratic process seems cultured to the militarization of democracy in nigeria. History of elections in nigeria nigeria has a rich history of political affairs that changed the direction of the country. History of the print media in nigeriathe history of print media in nigeria goes as far back as the 1840s when theeuropean missionaries established community newspapers to propagate christianity. Nigeria was granted independence on october 1, 1960. The elections will be conducted by nigerias election management body, the independent national electoral commission inec. Electoral politics in the fourth republic of nigerias. Elections in nigeria dates as far back as 1959 in the first republic of the nigeria, in the general election of 1959 to determine which parties would rule in the immediate postcolonial period, the major ones won a majority of seats in their regions, but none emerged powerful enough to constitute a national government. Summary of observations and recommendations 3 recommendations 4 ii. In doing these as well as in their daytoday life, the.
Nigeria department of field support cartographic section map no. D department of political science and public administration university of uyo, nigeria abstract. Abstract this paper examined the extent to which the citizens are involved in political activities. The electoral body, conducted the election, and declared alhaji shehu shagari as the winner, having scored.
What is really wrong with nigeria electioneering process is the wheel to be on power at all cost not minding the interest of the masses, every political party that. There is more participation in elections, organized by the civilian government than that of the military government. Notice incompleteness in the book what is the true history of the education in the usmaniyya caliphate that triumph in the northern part of the country. This situation report follows a threeweek visit by the author to nigeria principally abuja the federal capital and lagos the commercial capital in march 2011.
Not many people know about the first general election in nigeria that happened 96 years ago. As aforementioned, the military ruled the country between independence in 1960 and 1999 when nigeria. This paper investigates comparative study of 2011 and 2015 presidential elections in nigeria with specific focuson the fourth republic, from the comparative analysis perspectives. Download nigeria current affairs 2020 questions and answers pdf. The elections were first scheduled to be held on 14 february 2015. Geographical, historical and political profiles of nigeria. History of political parties in nigeria nigerian finder. Electoral violence and the survival of democracy in. The study adopted both qualitative and quantitative means of data collection. Introduction 6 the ndi election observation mission 6 the new government and the crisis of legitimacy 7 the nigerian elections in the regional context 8. The election was extended to 29 march due to delays and technical problems with the biometric card readers. List of books and articles about nigerian history online.
Throughout the long years of colonial and military rule in nigeria, democratic aspira tion has. Aside discussing the political parties in nigeria, this write up will equally discuss about the political history of nigeria. An appraisal of precipitating factor s in nigeria olayiwola victor ojo m sc political science, university of ilorin, ilorin, nigeria abstract nigeria s electoral politics from independence has been tumultuous. The incumbent president, goodluck jonathan sought his second and final term. Elections nigeria inec yiaga auburn comparative corruption administration. The ncnc, now headed by azikiwe who had taken control after macaulays death in 1946, formed a coalition with balewas npc after neither party won a majority in the 1959 elections. History of political parties in nigeria will never be complete if mention is not made of the various political bigwigs in the history of this country. Within nigeria, slavery was widespread and bore social implications that are still evident. The federal electoral commission fec, established in 1960 conducted the immediate postindependence federal and regional elections of 1964 and 1965 respectively. This study is aimed at comparing the 1999 elections with 2003 elections. Nigeria is the most populous cou ntry in africa, the second biggest economy, the third largest military power and the biggest oil producer 10th oil producer in the world. Nigerias election below the minimum democracy standard. Observations and lessons from election administration in nigeria.
A landmark in the history of printing in nigeria was made with the inauguration of the nigerian printing and publishing company in 1925 to publish the nigerian daily times. The electoral process and democratic consolidation in nigeria. A brief history of printing in nigeria nigerian voice. About jstor mission and history whats in jstor get jstor news events. Kunle animashaun abstract since 1999 when civil politics was restored to nigeria, discourse on the appropriate electoral. Introduction nigeria and nigerians have been caught in the frenzy of centenary celebration. What are your thoughts on the state of democracy in the west african region.
Final ndi report on nigerias 2007 elections table of contents i. An election was held between five political parties but alhaji shehu shagari of the national party of nigeria npn won the 1979 election. Electoral system in nigeria by david anyasi by david. Mko abiola was considered by many observers as the freest and fairest election in nigerias political history. The independent national electoral commission inec was established by the 1999 constitution of the federal republic of nigeria to among other things organize elections into various political offices in the country. Pdf the electoral process and democratic consolidation. Table 2 women representation in 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011 and 2015 general elections in nigeria s n position no of availab le seats no of women elected in 1999 no of wome n.
It borders on the gulf of guinea an arm of the atlantic ocean in the south, on benin in the west, on niger in the northwest and north, on chad in the northeast, and on cameroon in the east. Mwangi kimenyi recaps this election, its significance, and what. A brief history of general elections in nigeria 1999 to 2019 since 1999, when chief olusegun obasanjo became the first substantive democraticallyelected president, there have been five general elections. Thus, through the use of comparative theoryunfolds the causes responsible for the opposition travail in the 2015 election in nigeria. It is against this background that, this study examines election and political violence in nigeria with a view to unraveling the causes and proferring solutions to avoiding the past mistakes in the subsequent elections. The theoretical framework for the study is cultural relativism. Elections in nigeria are forms of choosing representatives to the nigerian federal government and the various states in the fourth republic nigeria. Governance and local government elections in nigerias fourth republic. General elections were held in nigeria on 28 and 29 march 2015, the fifth quadrennial election to be held since the end of military rule in 1999. Problems of election in nigeria by uwhejevwetogbolo samuel. In fact, recent manifestations of electoral violence, most importantly since the birth of the fourth republic in 1999 have assumed an unprecedented magnitude and changing form, resulting in instability in democratic consolidation as well as the loss and displacement of many innocent lives. Elections and governance in nigerias fourth republic.
The other political parties were unity party of nigeria upn led by chief obafemi awolowo, the nigerian peoples party npp led by alhaji. However, the election was infamously annulled by the military dictator, general. A new constitution established a federal system with an elected prime minister and a ceremonial head of state. However, for elections to be termed democratic, it must be free and fair. Elections in nigeria can be traced to as far back as the year 1923 when the country faced first. Nigeria is the continents most populous country, has its largest economy and is its leading oil producer.
Comparative study of 2011 and 2015 presidential elections in. Nigerias 2019 elections united states institute of peace. Elections and governance in nigerias fourth republic on jstor. But postelection violence claimed 800 lives over three days in northern nigeria and displaced 65,000 people, making the elections the most violent in nigerias history. Electoral politics in the fourth republic of nigerias democratic. Channels television updated february 7, 2015 the independent national electoral commission in nigeria inec has announced a shift in the general elections dates to march 28 and april 11. Virtually all the political parties are caught in the web of electoral malpractice. Participation in nigerian elections is an interesting issue. Its seven most populous cities each house more than one million people, and about one out of two west africans is from nigeria. Osun state is home to several of nigeria s most famous landmarks, including the campus of obafemi awolowo univers find anything anytime on logbaby.
Nigerians elects on the federal level a head of state the president of nigeria and a legislature the national assembly. A brief history of the fourth republic elections and politics. Toyin falola, a leading historian intimately acquainted. Nigerias 2011 general election received high praise for being wellmanaged. Mar 31, 2015 results show that general muhammadu buhari of the all progressives congress apc party will be declared nigeria s next president. However, the implication of nigerias electoral history for the enthronement of a democratic order is yet to be exhaustively explored. Controversy shrouds the role of nigerian legislature in national development. Library of congress federal research division country profile. An analysis grace malachi brown, phd department of history and diplomatic studies faculty of humanities rivers state university of education pmb 5047, rumuolumeni port harcourt, rivers state nigeria. The history of nigeria can be traced to prehistoric settlers nigerians living in the area as early as 1100 bc. Electoral reforms and democratic stability in nigeria.
Jan 10, 2016 political history of nigeria since independence 1960 till date introduction by the time nigeria gained its independence, it was entering a period of rapid social and economic change, and many people were quite optimistic about its future. The high level of success of nigerias 2015 general elections was unexpected, considering the difficult political and security environment in which the elections were conducted. Political leadership and corruption in nigeria since 1960. The 2011 presidential, national assembly, gubernatorial, and state assembly elections provide an historic opportunity for nigeria. If you dont see any interesting for you, use our search form on bottom v. The nigerian electoral process in perspective elections under colonial rule before independence in 1960, nigeria, which existed as an amalgamation of the northern and southern protectorates since 1914, had already witnessed three different elections. Nigeria has the capacity to deal with occasional incidents, infringements of law and order. These topic pages provide a quick overview and easy access to all content that can be found on ace for any give topic of interest weather encyclopaedia files, electoral materials, comparative data, consolidated replies, case studies, or other. It was the most expensive election ever to be held on the african continent. Pdf the electoral process and democratic consolidation in nigeria. It is bounded in the north by kwara state, in the east partly by ekiti state and partly by ondo state, in the south by ogun state and in the west by oyo state. Thus, through the use of comparative theoryunfolds the causes responsible. Nigerias electoral history since independence is fraught with failed elections, a recurring development that has gradually become a distinctive feature of the. Ahistoryofnigeria nigeria is africas most populous country and the worlds eighth largest oil producer, but its success has been undermined in recent decades by ethnic and religious con.
However, the implication of nigeria s electoral history for the enthronement of a democratic order is yet to be exhaustively explored. The paper concludes that for nigeria to experience sustainable socioeconomic. Apr 26, 2018 history of elections in nigeria nigeria has a rich history of political affairs that changed the direction of the country. Nov 23, 2015 on this page you can read or download history of education in nigeria pdf in pdf format. The historical trajectory of electoral process in the post colonial nigerian is characterised by violence. Nigeria current affairs 2020 questions and answers pdf. Voters elected the president and members to the house of representatives and the senate. Islam reached nigeria through the borno empire between 1068 ad and hausa states. Nigeria, july 2008 2 of slaves flowed north across the sahara for a millennium, ending only at the beginning of the twentieth century.
Pdf this paper examines election rigging and its effect on democratic consolidation in nigeria relying on qualitative approach, using. Geographical, historical and political profiles of nigeria 1. A study of some selected local government areas in ondo state, nigeria. Journal of nigeria studies volume 1, number 1, fall 2010 regime character, electoral crisis and prospects of electoral reform in nigeria.
432 1378 1548 871 982 6 88 1551 518 1625 378 1483 1109 1619 952 1556 898 1302 1643 1224 1623 635 524 291 1488 1585 903 821 757 1302 463 700 169 776 460 1295 76